Netherlands

The field of psychometrics has undergone substantial evolution over the past several
decades, both in terms of advances in methodology and improved software and hardware
for deploying new methods. Despite these strides, many of these developments have not
been integrated into the broader field of psychology, as highlighted by Embretson (2005)
and Borsboom (2006). Understanding and incorporating these psychometric advances
is crucial to enable cognitive scientists to address growing concerns about validity
and reliability, as well as to develop robust theoretical frameworks for understanding
cognition.

CogSci 2024

Using Psychometrics to Improve Cognitive Models and theor

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The 46th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society was an in-person meeting held in Rotterdam, The Netherlands at the Postillion Hotel & Conference Centre.

**ON-DEMAND PROGRAM ACCESS AFTER THE CONFERENCE** 
Recordings of the invited program are now available. You can access them by clicking on the 'Schedule' icon on the left. Select view by week and navigate to the day and time slot of the recording you wish to view. Click on the time slot to access the recording.

Recordings available (click on each recording to view):

**Thursday, July 25** 
0900: [Keynote Speaker Morgan Barense on Enhancing real-world event memory](https://underline.io/events/465/sessions/17997/lecture/99084-dynamics-between-minds-and-the-environment) 
1000: [Gleitman Award Winner Isabelle Dautriche on Language Foundations: Insights from acquisition, communication, cognition, and more](https://underline.io/events/465/sessions/18000/lecture/99085-gleitman-talk) 
1415: [Invited Symposium: Dynamics between minds and the environment](https://underline.io/events/465/sessions?eventSessionId=18016&searchGroup=lecture) 
1700: [Rumelhart Prize Presentation Speaker Alison Gopnik on Exploit, explore, empower: Three ages and three intelligences](https://underline.io/events/465/sessions/18028/lecture/99161-rp1-rumelhart-prize-presentation) 

**Friday, July 26** 
0900: [C.L. de Carvalho-Heineken Prize Keynote Speaker Kia Nobre on Focusing in memory](https://underline.io/events/465/sessions/18035/lecture/99162-hp1-c-l-de-carvalho-heineken-prize-keynote-address) 
1030: [Rumelhart Symposium: Childhood as exploration](https://underline.io/events/465/sessions/18038/lecture/100346-childhood-as-exploration) 
1415: [Elman Prize Symposium](https://underline.io/events/465/sessions?eventSessionId=18053&searchGroup=lecture) 
1600: [Invited Symposium: Dynamics between minds](https://underline.io/events/465/sessions?eventSessionId=18065&searchGroup=lecture) 
1745: [Keynote Speaker Andrea E. Martin on Neural dynamics encode the structure and statistics of language](https://underline.io/events/465/sessions/18077/lecture/99271-neural-dynamics-encode-the-structure-and-statistics-of-language) 

**Saturday, July 27** 
0900: [Keynote Speaker Gregor Schöner on How higher cognition emerges from the dynamics of strongly interacting neural populations](https://underline.io/events/465/sessions/18083/lecture/99273-dynamics-within-the-mind) 
1000: [Glushko Talks](https://underline.io/events/465/sessions?eventSessionId=18086&searchGroup=lecture) 
1500: [Invited Symposium: Dynamics within minds](https://underline.io/events/465/sessions?eventSessionId=18100&searchGroup=lecture) 


#### **CogSci 2024 Program Book**
<div style="position:relative;padding-top:0;width:900px;height:500px;"><iframe style="position:absolute;border:none;width:100%;height:100%;left:0;top:0;" src="https://online.fliphtml5.com/ebtyf/cble/" seamless="seamless" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" allowtransparency="true" allowfullscreen="true" ></iframe></div>


**The Program Book can be downloaded [here](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1yRVp1cBqRnAbdYi4GXWV_pZeyWNsRquv/view?usp=sharing).**

#### **Letter from the President**

Welcome to the 2024 Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society in Rotterdam! CogSci 2024 brings together a large community of cognitive scientists who have traveled here from around the world, as well as a smaller group of remote presenters. I would like to extend an especially warm welcome to our first-time CogSci meeting attendees, and hope that 
their experience inspires them to join our future meetings for many years to come.

I want to thank this year’s conference co-chairs, Larissa K Samuelson, Stefan Frank, Mariya Toneva, Allyson Mackey, and Eliot Hazeltine, for putting together an amazing series of invited talks and symposia around the theme of Dynamics of Cognition. The co-chairs also deserve credit for handling a record-breaking number of submissions and producing a truly exciting conference program 

Beyond the invited talks and symposia dedicated to this year’s conference theme, I would like to highlight the presentations and events honoring the 
Rumelhart, Elman, Gleitman and C .L . de Carvalho Heineken prize winners, including the Rumelhart reception on Thursday. As you may know, we are recording all of the invited talks and symposia, and all prize-winners’ talks, and will be making this content available after the conference. 

The Cognitive Science Society relies on the volunteer efforts of our Governing Board members who work on matters related to our membership; conference policies; diversity and inclusion, international, and outreach initiatives; prizes and much more. We welcome interest from Society members who would like to become more involved in what we do. The 
Society is deeply grateful to Rick Dale and Andrea Bender, who serve as editors of the two Society journals, Cognitive Science and Topics in Cognitive Science respectively. We especially acknowledge our editors’ generosity in donating their stipends each year to D&I and outreach efforts. 

This year’s Annual Meeting depends critically on the support of Marischal De Armond and his team at Podium Conference Specialists: Sharon Zwack, Cendrine De Vis, Sarah-Kate Burke, and Rachel Waller worked tirelessly to secure the venue and handled a multitude of logistical and organizational issues, from arranging coffee breaks and receptions to making sure that a huge number of posters fits comfortably into the available space. Finally, and importantly, I would like to acknowledge the Cognitive Science Society Executive Officer, Erica Wojcik, for managing the complex and ever expanding sphere of our Society’s activities.

I hope you enjoy this year’s meeting and the many different opportunities to engage with the vibrant community of cognitive scientists gathered here. I also hope you get a chance to explore the great city of Rotterdam with its many attractions, museums, restaurants and scenic views. If you’d like to talk more about our Society, or simply want to say hello, please stop by!

![](https://assets.underline.io/markdown_image/1/image/3c66d0e21fff30e204df1138ffd15173.jpeg)

**Anna Papafragou** 
President, Cognitive Science 
Society 2023-2024

**CODE OF CONDUCT** 
By attending the CogSci 2024 Conference, you are required to adhere to the society’s [Code of Conduct](https://drive.google.com/file/d/16-6KkptF0Gn3ZYGJDlpqpwTdImw45Ng0/view?usp=drive_link).

**ABOUT THE COGNITIVE SCIENCE SOCIETY** 
The Cognitive Science Society brings together researchers from around the world who hold a common goal: understanding the nature of the human mind. The mission of the Society is to promote Cognitive Science as a discipline, and to foster scientific interchange among researchers in various areas of study, including Artificial Intelligence, Linguistics, Anthropology, Psychology, Neuroscience, Philosophy, and Education.

The Society is a non-profit professional organization and its activities include sponsoring an annual conference and publishing the journals Cognitive Science and TopiCS.

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The 46th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society presents the latest research across cognitive science and highlights the theme of Cognition in Context.

Join our discussion group as we explore the dynamics of how human cognition
interacts with AI, focusing on ChatGPT-like services. Our discussions will
examine both the facilitative and disruptive roles of AI in learning and
creativity.
Generative AI, such as ChatGPT, is becoming increasingly prominent in
academic and professional environments, providing tools for automation,
writing, and coding assistance. While these tools offer significant benefits,
concerns are growing about their impact on our ability to acquire and develop
skills and knowledge. Recent research indicates that AI can both support the
acquisition of new skills and disrupt traditional learning processes.
Our aim is to bring together researchers with diverse perspectives to discuss
these key questions:
#CogSci2024 71
PROGRAM SCHEDULE
Under what conditions is AI an effective tool for facilitating learning?
What are the potential pitfalls where AI disrupts learning and hinders skill
development?
We would be especially happy to have participants with relevant experience
who are ready to share their insights during the discussion. Regardless of your
experience or expertise on the topic, you are most welcome to join, learn, and
discuss.

Ai and Cognition: Transformative Tool or Disruptive Force?

The human mind is an information processing system that reveals irreducible
complexity and emergent properties – including the phenomena of dreams.
Dreams are flows of subjective experience during REM sleep that exhibit highly
random and generative content that differ greatly from wakeful consciousness.
Various theories attempt to capture the biological function of dreams,
including offline memory processing, emotional regulation, and learning.
We posit that computationally replicating the essential features of dreams
may reveal insights into the cognitive/neural mechanisms that give rise to
dreaming — as well as consciousness and intelligence. We are interested in
leading a guided discussion that explores the following: (1) the application of
an information-theoretic perspective to the causes and effects of dreams; and
(2) the process of developing an artificial intelligence that is able to dream.

Can Robots Dream?

This affinity group is initiated by members of the International Association
for Cognitive Science, Japanese Cognitive Science Society, Korean Society
for Cognitive Science, and cognitive science researchers in Hong Kong and
Australia. We seek to engage cognitive science researchers and societies in
the Asian-Pacific region at CogSci 2024. Through this affinity group, we aim
to provide networking opportunities to strengthen research exchange and
collaboration, to share experience in community building, to promote cognitive
science research in the region, and to provide mentorship opportunities to
young cognitive scientists or those who are interested in pursuing cognitive
science research. We also aim to initiate regular meetings or other forms
of research exchange in the future to take advantage of the geographical
closeness.

Asia-Pacific Cognitive Science Group

The act of remembering an everyday experience influences how we interpret the world, how we think about the future, and how we perceive ourselves. It also enhances long-term retention of the recalled content, increasing the likelihood that it will be recalled again. Unfortunately, the ability to recollect event-specific details tends to decline with age, resulting in an impoverished ability to mentally re-experience the past. This shift has been linked to a corresponding decline in the distinctiveness of hippocampal memory representations. Despite these well-established changes, there are few effective cognitive behavioral interventions that target real-world episodic memory. We addressed this gap by developing a smartphone-based application called HippoCamera that allows participants to record labelled videos of everyday events and subsequently replay standardized, high-fidelity autobiographical memory cues. In two experiments with older adults, we found that using HippoCamera to repeatedly reactivate memories for real-world events improved episodic recollection and it evoked more positive autobiographical sentiment at the time of retrieval. Moreover, more detailed recollection was associated with more differentiated memory signals in the hippocampus. In a third experiment, conducted during the COVID lockdowns of 2020, we used HippoCamera to characterize the relationship between impoverished experiential diversity with memory, mood, and the perception of time. We found that unique events were not only recalled in richer episodic detail, but that increased uniqueness was associated with greater positive affect, decreased boredom, and the perception of time passing faster for the entire day. These findings highlight the intimate connection between memory for the events of our lives and our well-being overall. Finally, in addition to describing our HippoCamera intervention, I will also present research investigating which features of distinct real-world memories should be emphasized to maximize their perceived similarity. 

Enhancing real-world event memory

Human languages exhibit an incredible diversity, from the sounds they use to form words to the grammatical rules they follow. Despite this variation, languages share deep structural properties like compositionality and exhibit striking regularities, such as a preference for placing subjects before objects. How do children manage to quickly learn such diverse languages? Why do languages share certain properties while differing in others? Are some of these properties deeply rooted in our cognition? In my talk, I will provide an overview on how I address these questions through experimental data from infants and animals, computational modeling, and corpus data. I will offer some evidence that infants are remarkably adept learners, that communication shapes language, and that several properties of language can be explained by non-linguistic cognition shared with other species. 

Language foundations: Insights from acquisition, communication, cognition and more

Deep Learning is a neural network approach where a network of multiple layers is trained to process complex data. Applications for deep learning include recognizing complex patterns in pictures, text, and sounds to, in some cases, produce insights into how human process information. Deep learning has garnered widescale interest, fostered by advances in, for instance, natural language processing and the release of innovative tools like Chat GPT. But does deep learning have implications for theory in the cognitive sciences; that is, is deep learning the answer for understanding human cognitive dynamics?

**Speakers:**

John Spencer: University of East Anglia; Brenden Lake: NYU; Raul Grieben: Ruhr-Universität Bochum; Gregor Schöner: Ruhr-Universität Bochum; Mariya Toneva: Max Planck Institute for Software Systems; Gina Kuperberg: Tufts University

Is Deep Learning the Answer for Understanding Human Cognitive Dynamics?

Reducing inequality, mitigating climate change, and responding to public health crises are large-scale goals that require the cooperation and coordination of many individuals. These goals cannot be achieved by one individual alone, and contributing is not always beneficial to each individual. And yet, individuals must contribute in order to make a difference. How do we hold individuals and groups responsible for collective action?

**Speakers:**

Casey Lewry: Princeton University; Tania Lombrozo: Princeton University; Shannon Wing: Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Sydney Levine: Allen Institute for AI; Josh Tenenbaum: MIT; Lionel Wong: Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Sofia Bonicalzi: Roma Tre University; Tobias Gerstenberg: Stanford University

Who is responsible for collective action?

We are able to learn from others through a combination of trust and vigilance: we trust and believe people who are reliable and have our interests at heart; we ignore those who are incompetent or self-interested. While past work has studied how others' competence influences social learning, relatively little attention has been paid to how others' motivations influence such processes. To address this gap, we develop a Bayesian model of vigilance that considers the speaker's instrumental self-interest, and test predictions of this model through an experiment. In accordance with our model, participants become more vigilant when informants stand to benefit from influencing their actions. When perceived self-interest is maximal, testimony can be discounted wholesale, rendering middle ground increasingly difficult, if not impossible, to find. Our results have implications for research on polarization, misinformation, and disagreement.

**Authors:**

Kerem Oktar: Princeton University; Ted Sumers: Princeton University; Tom Griffiths: Princeton University

A Rational Model of Vigilance in Motivated Communication

We offer a computational framework for modeling explanation as cooperative rational communication. Under our framework, when an explainer is faced with a ``why?'' question, they reason about the question-asker's current mental model, and intervene on that mental model in order to maximize the listener's future utility. We instantiate our framework in a planning domain, and show that our framework can model human explanations about plans across a wide variety of scenarios.

**Authors:**

Kartik Chandra: MIT; Tony Chen: MIT; Tzu-Mao Li: UCSD; Jonathan Ragan-Kelley: MIT; Josh Tenenbaum: MIT

Cooperative Explanation as Rational Communication

Theory of Mind enables us to represent and reason about other people's mental states like beliefs and knowledge. By considering what other people know, this allows us to strategically construct believable lies. Previous work has shown that people construct lies to be consistent with others' beliefs even when those beliefs differ from their own. However, in most real world cases, we don't know everything that the other person knows. We propose that to produce believable lies, the sender considers what private information the receiver may have. Here, we develop our theory into a computational model and test it in a novel paradigm that allows us to distinguish between knowledge shared between the lie sender and receiver and knowledge private to the receiver. Our main model successfully captures how people lie in this paradigm over alternative models. Overall, our work furthers our understanding of human social cognition in adversarial situations.

**Authors:**

Zhi Yi Tan: Yale NUS College; Julian Jara-Ettinger: Yale University; Marlene Berke: Yale University

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Ai and Cognition: Transformative Tool or Disruptive Force?

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