Taiwan

The distinction between mass nouns and count nouns has a long history in formal semantics, and linguists have been trying to identify the semantic properties defining the two classes. However, they also recognized that both can undergo meaning shifts and be used in contexts of a different type, via nominal coercion.
In this study, we present an approach to measure the meaning shift in count-mass coercion in English that makes use of static and contextualized word embedding distance. Our results show that the coercion shifts are detected only by a small subset of the traditional word embedding models and that the shifts detected by the contextualized embedding of BERT are more pronounced for mass nouns.

IJCNLP-AACL 2022

Exploring Nominal Coercion in Semantic Spaces with Static and Contextualized Word Embeddings.

static word embedding

count/mass distinction

nominal coercion

meaning shift

contextualized word embedding

distributional semantics

bert

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### THE CONFERENCE WE KNOW AND WE WANT.
**COLING**, the International Conference on Computational Linguistics, is one of the premier conferences for the natural language processing and computational linguistics.

First established in 1965, the biennial COLING conference is held in diverse parts of the globe and attracts participants from both top-ranked research centers and emerging countries. Today, the most important developments in our field are taking place not only in universities and academic research institutes but also in industrial research departments including tech-startups. COLING provides opportunities for all these communities to showcase their exciting discovery.

In fall of 2022, COLING will be held in Gyeongju in a hybrid format. All participants can either present at the venue site or join virtually. As more people get vaccinated, we are happy to provide safer environments for our colleagues. We believe that COLING 2022 will be one of the conferences, free from the pandemic. The hybrid format gives presenters and sponsors a valuable opportunity to promote their companies in both an online and in-person venue. For the first time in a long time, customers can interact with their sponsor's products first-hand. The online venue, too, gives sponsors the chance to network with those unable to attend the in-person session.

The hybrid format ultimately lends itself to greater exposure for our sponsors: COLING2022 will let you reach more potential partners and customers than ever before!

To gain access to this event page you are required to register. Find more information and pay the registration fee on event the organizer’s website **[https://coling2022.org/reg](https://coling2022.org/reg)**

COLING 2022

COLING, the International Conference on Computational Linguistics, is one of the premier conferences for the natural language processing and computational linguistics.

workshop paper

The AACL, Asia-Pacific Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, and the AFNLP, Asian Federation of Natural Language Processing, invite you to participate in the 1st Conference of the Asia-Pacific Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (AACL) and the 10th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (IJCNLP).

A registration is required to access this event. Access to the event site will be granted to all registered attendees on **November 16th**. If you have not already done so, please register using the link below:
 
 https://conference.iis.sinica.edu.tw/servlet/Register?ConferenceID=411

Registration Is Required

The AACL, Asia-Pacific Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, and the AFNLP, Asian Federation of Natural Language Processing, invite you to participate in the 1st Conference of the Asia-Pacific Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (AACL) and the 10th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (IJCNLP). 

In this presentation, we introduce a new approach that simulates the construction of phrasal meaning as an analogical process implemented with deep learning techniques. We propose a distributional representation of constructional phrases (namely Relational Embeddings) and a neural network model for generating new embeddings analogically rather than applying traditional compositional operations, which we call ANNE (Analogical Neural Network for Embeddings). 
We experimented with our analogical neural network to understand how it can generalize and be extendable to different scenarios. We argued that the proposed methodology could open the doors to new analyses in distributional semantics as well as in computational models of language processing.

Compositionality as an Analogical Process: Introducing ANNE.


From COMET to COMES – Can Summary Evaluation Benefit from Translation Evaluation?

Random Text Perturbations Work, but not Always

A Comparative Analysis of Stance Detection Approaches and Datasets

Assessing Neural Referential Form Selectors on a Realistic Multilingual Dataset

Assessing Resource-Performance Trade-off of Natural Language Models using Data Envelopment Analysis

Large pre-trained language models have brought remarkable progress in NLP. Pre-training and Fine-tuning have given state-of- art performance across tasks in text processing. Data Augmentation techniques have also helped build state-of-art models on low or zero resource tasks. Many works in the past have attempted at learning a single massively- multilingual machine translation model for zero-shot translation. Although those translation models are producing correct translations, the main challenge is those models are producing the wrong languages for zero-shot translation. This work and its results indicate that prompt conditioned large models do not suffer from off-target language errors i.e. errors arising due to translation to wrong languages. We empirically demonstrate the effectiveness of self-supervised pre-training and data augmentation for zero-shot multi-lingual machine translation.

MALM: Mixing Augmented Language Modeling for Zero-Shot Machine Translation

This corpus contains more than 30,000 classical Chinese poems in their tokenized form. The poems are from the Complete Tang Poems (全唐詩,CTP) and the Complete Song Poems (全宋詩,CSP). Two groups of annotators from two universities carried out the task. More than 5000 of these poems were annotated repeatedly for the inter-rater agreement analysis. The annotators did not agree with each other perfectly, as many readers may have expected, but the degrees and types of their agreements are worthy of discussion. The annotations support some comments, of the Ming dynasty, about the formats of the poems. We applied machine learning methods to train and test their usability for the tokenization task. We could identify 87% of the words, 77% of the whole lines, and 18% of the whole poems in the CTP correctly. We have expanded the scale of our annotated poems, have extended our exploration with deep learning methods, and we wish to report these extensions in a formal report.

Introducing a Large Corpus of Tokenized Classical Chinese Poems of Tang and Song Dynasties

Research has shown that the practice of translation exhibits predictable linguistic cues that make translated texts distinguishable from original-language texts (a phenomenon known as "translationese"). In this paper, we test the extent to which literary translations are subject to the same effects and whether they also exhibit meaningful differences at the level of content. Research into the function of translations within national literary markets using smaller case studies has suggested that translations play a cultural role that is distinct from that of original-language literature, i.e. their differences reside not only at the level of translationese but at the level of content. Using a dataset consisting of original-language fiction in English and translations into English from 120 languages (N=21,302), we find that one of the principal functions of literary translation is to convey predictable geographic identities to local readers that nevertheless extend well beyond the foreignness of persons and places.

The predictability of literary translation

Recent studies have reported that neural reasoning improves its accuracy when generating the intermediate reasoning steps. However, it is yet unclear what factors lead to such benefits.
We investigate and factorize the benefit of generating intermediate steps for symbolic reasoning.
Specifically, we decomposed the reasoning strategy regarding step granularity and chaining strategy. 
With a purely symbolic numerical reasoning dataset (e.g., A=1, B=3, C=A+3, C?), we found that the choice of reasoning strategies significantly affects the performance, with the gap becoming even larger as the extrapolation length becomes longer.
Surprisingly, we also found that certain configurations lead to nearly perfect performance, even in the case of length extrapolation.
Our results indicate the importance of further exploring effective strategies for neural reasoning models.

Exploring Nominal Coercion in Semantic Spaces with Static and Contextualized Word Embeddings.

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