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Explainability has been a core research topic in AI for decades and therefore it is surprising that the current concept of Explainable AI (XAI) seems to have been launched as late as 2016. This is a problem with current XAI research because it tends to ignore existing knowledge and wisdom gathered over decades or even centuries by other relevant domains. This paper presents the notion of Contextual Importance and Utility (CIU), which is based on known notions and methods of Decision Theory. CIU extends the notions of importance and utility for the non-linear models of AI systems and notably those produced by Machine Learning methods. CIU provides a universal and model-agnostic foundation for XAI.

AAMAS 2020

Decision Theory meets Explainable AI

The purpose of the AAAI conference series is to promote research in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and foster scientific exchange between researchers, practitioners, scientists, students, and engineers across the entirety of AI and its affiliated disciplines. AAAI-23 is the Thirty-Seventh AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence. The theme of this conference is to create collaborative bridges within and beyond AI. Like previous AAAI conferences, AAAI-23 will feature technical paper presentations, special tracks, invited speakers, workshops, tutorials, poster sessions, senior member presentations, competitions, and exhibit programs, and two new activities: a Bridge Program and a Lab Program. Many of these activities are tailored to the theme of bridges and all are selected according to the highest standards, with additional programs for students and young researchers. 
AAAI is providing you with a conference planner, which you can use to help organize your itinerary of activities. This includes talks to attend in person, talks to attend remotely, breaks with colleagues and your site seeing activities. To access this conference planner, please go to [https://aaai-2023.takemobi.io](https://aaai-2023.takemobi.io).

In order to access this site, you need to register. If you haven't already, please register [here](https://aaai.org/Conferences/AAAI-23/registration/).


AAAI 2023

The purpose of the AAAI conference series is to promote research in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and foster scientific exchange between researchers, practitioners, scientists, students, and engineers across the entirety of AI and its affiliated disciplines.

technical paper

AAMAS is the leading scientific conference for research in autonomous agents and multi-agent systems. The AAMAS conference series was initiated in 2002 as the merging of three respected scientific meetings: the International Conference on Multi-Agent Systems (ICMAS), the International Workshop on Agent Theories, Architectures, and Languages (ATAL), and the International Conference on Autonomous Agents (AA). The aim of the joint conference is to provide a single, high-profile, internationally-respected archival forum for scientific research in the theory and practice of autonomous agents and multi-agent systems.

Browse keynotes, discussions, panels and over 300 presentations.


AAMAS is the leading scientific conference for research in autonomous agents and multi-agent systems. The AAMAS conference series was initiated in 2002 as the merging of three respected scientific meetings: the International Conference on Multi-Agent Systems (ICMAS), the International Workshop on Agent Theories, Architectures, and Languages (ATAL), and the International Conference on Autonomous Agents (AA). 

"This paper investigates the impact of changes in agents' beliefs coupled with dynamics in agents' meta-roles on the evolution of institutions. The study embeds agents' meta-roles in the BDI architecture. In this context, the study scrutinises the impact of cognitive dissonance in agents due to unfairness of institutions. To showcase our model, two
historical long-distance trading societies, namely Armenian merchants of New-Julfa and the English East India Company are simulated. Results show how change in roles of agents coupled with specific institutional characteristics leads to changes of the rules in the system."

Impact of meta-roles on the evolution of institutions

Towards Demystifying Subliminal Persuasivness: Using XAI-Techniques to Highlight Persuasive Markers of Public Speeches

Explaining the influence of prior knowlege on POMCP policies

The goal of multi-objective problems is to find solutions that balance different objectives. When solving multi-objective problems using reinforcement learning linear scalarisation techniques are generally used, however system expertise is required to optimise the weights for linear scalarisation. Thresholded Lexicographic Ordering (TLO) is one technique that avoids the need for an expert to specify weights; instead a system designer can directly specify a preferred ordering over objectives, along with a desired threshold value for each objective. In this presentation we propose a novel algorithm to dynamically set thresholds for use with TLO. We also present the first evaluation of TLO in a complex multi-objective multi-agent problem, the Dynamic Economic Emissions Dispatch domain. Our empirical results demonstrate that TLO with our dynamic thresholding algorithm achieves superior results when compared with a hand-tuned linear scalarisation method from previously published work.

Dynamic Thresholded Lexicographic Ordering

Online social networks are known to lack adequate multi-user privacy support. In this paper we present EXPRI, an agent architecture that aims to assist users in managing multi-user privacy conflicts. By considering the personal utility of sharing content and the individually preferred moral values of each user involved in the conflict, EXPRI identifies the best collaborative solution by applying practical reasoning techniques. Such techniques provide the agent with the cognitive process that is necessary for explainability. Furthermore, the knowledge gathered during the practical reasoning process allows EXPRI to engage in contrastive explanations.

Agent EXPRI: Licence to Explain

We propose a market-inspired bidding scheme for the assignment of paper reviews in large academic conferences. The primary contribution is an analysis of the incentives of reviewers during the bidding phases, when reviewers have private costs and some information about the demand for each paper, and want to obtain the best possible k papers for a predetermined k. We show that by assigning budgets to reviewers and a `price' for every paper that is (roughly) inversely proportional to its demand, the best response of a reviewer is to bid sincerely, i.e., on her most favorite papers, and match the budget even when it is not enforced. Finally, we show via extensive simulations on bidding data from real conferences, that our suggested bidding scheme would substantially improve the assignment, under several common assignment algorithms.

A Market-Inspired Bidding Scheme for Peer Review Paper Assignment

In the capacitated production planning problem, quantities of products need to be determined at consecutive periods within a given time horizon when product demands, costs, and production capacities vary through time. We focus on a general formulation of this problem where each product is produced in one step and setup cost is paid at each period of production. Additionally, products can be anticipated or backordered in respect to the demand period. We propose a computationally efficient decentralized approach based on the spillover effect relating to the accumulation of production costs of each product demand through time. The performance of the spillover algorithm is compared against the state-of-the-art mixed integer programming branch-and-bound solver CPLEX 12.8 considering optimality gap and computational time.

A Decentralized Multi-Agent Coordination Method for Dynamic and Constrained Production Planning

Reinforcement learning has been applied to numerous decision-making problems, but it requires careful specification of a reward function to represent the objective of the problem.
In many problems, it is difficult to represent the objective as a function, and thus it is easier to give expert demonstrations. Inverse reinforcement learning can be applied to such problems because it estimates the reward function from the expert's demonstrations.
Most existing inverse reinforcement learning methods assume that an expert gives demonstrations in a fixed environment, although the expert can provide demonstrations for a specific objective in multiple environments. For example, it is difficult to formulate a suitable reward function to represent driving a car, and the driver can give demonstrations in multiple situations. In such cases, normal practice is to use demonstrations in multiple environments to estimate the expert's reward. Herein, we formulate this problem based on a Bayesian inverse reinforcement learning framework and propose a mini-batch Markov chain Monte Carlo method. An advantage of our method is scalability. Our proposed method is scalable with respect to a number of environments in which expert demonstrations are generated. Experimental results show quantitatively that the proposed method outperforms existing inverse reinforcement learning methods.

Mini-batch Bayesian Inverse Reinforcement Learning for Multiple Dynamics

Levaraging Communication Topologies between Learning Agents in Deep Reinforcements Learning

Geographical clusters of undervaccinated populations have emerged in various parts of the United States in recent years. Public health response involves surveillance and field work, which is very resource-intensive. Given that public health resources are often limited, iden- tifying and rank-ordering critical clusters can help prioritize and allocate scarce resources for surveillance and quick intervention. We quantify the criticality of a cluster as the additional number of infections caused if the cluster is underimmunized. We focus on finding clusters that maximize this measure and develop efficient approximation algorithms for finding critical clusters by exploiting structural properties of the problem. Our methods involve solving a more general problem of maximizing a submodular function on a graph with connectivity constraints. We apply our methods to the state of Minnesota, where we find clusters with significantly higher criticality than those obtained by heuristics used in public health.

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