Serbia

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) often support the local economy and employment in underpopulated mountainous areas. Managers of such enterprises tend to feel mentally taxed that cause mental health problems due to the vulnerability of their financial base. Since they often struggle with the challenges of maintaining an enterprise, they are unable to look after their own health. Thus, it is important for the local government to support the health promotion of managers in SMEs. However, effective methods for the local government to support the mental health of SME managers remains unclear. This study clarified managers’ awareness about their own mental health and proposed methods for local governments to support the mental health of SME managers in underpopulated mountainous areas. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six SME managers in an underpopulated mountainous area. Participants were recruited using snowball sampling, and they were asked about their mental health awareness. A qualitative descriptive analysis was conducted. One category emerged as negative awareness of managers’ mental health and four categories emerged as positive awareness of managers’ mental health. Based on these results, methods for local governments to support the mental health of SME managers in underpopulated mountainous areas was proposed.

7th Public Health Conference

Measures Taken by the Local Government to Support the Mental Health of Managers in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Underpopulated Mountainous Areas

Truth and Responsibility
“Truth and Responsibility” is a call to reimagine anthropology to meet the demands of the present moment. The imperative to bear witness, take action, and be held accountable to the truths we write and circulate invites us to reflect on our responsibility in reckoning with disciplinary histories, harms, and possibilities. To whom are we giving evidence and toward what ends? For whom are we writing? To whom are we accountable, and in what ways? We are thrilled to announce the theme of the 2021 AAA Annual Meeting to be held in Baltimore, MD: Truth and Responsibility.

Many consider anthropology to be a holistic social science dedicated to cross-cultural understanding as a way to reduce bigotry and more fully comprehend “what it means to be human.” Others push against this readily circulated origin story, arguing that “human” remains a highly contested, political category—evident as the presumed set of rights and protections associated with the “human” continue to be stripped away violently in the communities in which some of us live and work. Which violent histories and epistemologies must anthropologists take responsibility for in telling truth(s) about the discipline’s development? How do the dual histories of settler colonialism and slavery continue to influence anthropological thought and practices? In these political times, how can anthropologists throughout the globe work to secure a capacious, progressive vision of the human? How might movements for anti-racism, decoloniality, queer liberation, and healing such as #BlackLivesMatter, #ProtectMaunaKea, and #MeToo push a future anthropology out of the ashes of the anthropological past? Finally, what are the limits and possibilities of the anthropological imagination?

Across subfields, we find truths in patterns of human behavior, language, evolution, and cultural worlds. Industry-positioned anthropologists do this by extending the boundaries of the discipline not as an administrative solution to job shortages but as a source of intervention and knowledge production. Increasingly, anthropologists who make use of the scientific method question how status and identity help to decide which facts come to represent truth. How might quantitative researchers use our methods to identify patterned truths, and what responsibility do we hold in challenging conventional wisdom about these patterns? What responsibility do we have to both our colleagues and larger publics, to push toward increased transparency and ethical grounding in our data collection, analysis, and presentation?

Pedagogy is a key medium for the communication of anthropological truths. Which (and whose) truths are foregrounded in our curricula? What are the possibilities for a liberatory pedagogy in a precarious, “post-truth” era? Conferences, museums, organizing spaces, and classrooms are sites where pedagogy and various forms of communication can help us interrogate the performativity of truth. How might anthropologists conceive of truth performances? Might visual, aural, and choreographic performances during AAA sessions offer anthropologists alternative genres for truth-telling and truth-making that provoke discussions about responsibility?

In accordance with the urgency of the year’s theme, the questions posed in this call for papers do not have easy answers. The hope is that those who submit proposals will take up these questions and engage in collective thinking and imagining about the truths we hold, the truths we challenge, and the responsibilities we bear in co-creating a free and more equitable world. All panel proposals should have a statement about how the panel has incorporated the goals of equity, diversity, and inclusion, and/or analysis of power.

Executive Session proposals have already been selected and speak directly to the theme “Truth and Responsibility.” To practice the critical reflexivity this call for papers invites, we asked that Executive Session submissions explicitly address the diversity of session participants, such as organizational/institutional affiliation, career stage, race, ethnicity, disability, sexuality, class, religion, national identity, and gender. Proposals for Executive Sessions that demonstrated a commitment to equity and inclusion and/or a clear analysis of power (i.e. anti-imperialist, anti-white supremacist, decolonial, anti-ableist, feminist, anti-transphobic, anti-xenophobic, etc) were given priority. We are excited to be in conversation with residents of the Baltimore region and look forward to the discussions, performances, and actions generated by the dynamic group of anthropologists attending the 2021 AAA Annual Meeting.

AAA Annual Meeting 2021

“Truth and Responsibility” is a call to reimagine anthropology to meet the demands of the present moment. The imperative to bear witness, take action, and be held accountable to the truths we write and circulate invites us to reflect on our responsibility in reckoning with disciplinary histories, harms, and possibilities. To whom are we giving evidence and toward what ends? For whom are we writing? To whom are we accountable, and in what ways? We are thrilled to announce the theme of the 2021 AAA Annual Meeting to be held in Baltimore, MD: Truth and Responsibility.

poster

Public Health Conference (PHC) is one of a kind platform for global stakeholders from academic, professional and governmental realms to gather, network and discuss healthcare, public health and medical science.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global One Health threat that jeopardizes healthcare globally, with projections of more than 10 million lives prematurely lost per year becoming the leading cause of death by 2050. Several factors underlay this dire predicament, including a poorly educated populace and patients regarding best practices for antibiotic stewardship. Specifically, children and parents have inadequate antibiotic knowledge for basic usage. Currently, "parents wanted reassurance and advice regarding children's illnesses," which requires accessible education, such as simple information leaflets. Specifically, antibiotic stewardship regarding antibiotic disposal and the environmental effect of AMR is highly neglected worldwide but critical to address to prevent harm to human and animal health. Currently, past antibiotic stewardship regarding antibiotic disposal has been largely ineffective with a typically top-to-bottom approach, which requires a bottom-to-top approach to increase public awareness and support.

A Case for Early Education Toward Sustainable Antibiotic Stewardship

The present research was designed to evaluate the combined effects of iron fortificants and prebiotics on serum folate levels among iron deficient women of reproductive age.
To serve this purpose, a double blind randomized control study was designed involving n = 75 iron deficient women of reproductive age group. These women were divided into 5 groups, each having 15 subjects. One group was control while other four were treatment groups. They were given varying combinations of iron fortificants and prebiotics on daily basis for 90 days. Iron fortificants included ferrous sulphate and sodium iron EDTA while prebiotics consisted of Inulin and galacto-oligosaccharides. Overnight fasting blood samples were taken from women at baseline, 30th, 60th and 90th days, respectively. Mean square values for serum folate levels showed that there were significant variations for the effect of groups, study intervals as well as the interaction between groups and study intervals (P-value Our current study concluded that iron fortificants and prebiotics when combined, could significantly improve serum folate levels among women of reproductive age. This particular potential of prebiotics could further be exploited to address the global health issue of iron deficiency anemia, effectively.

Iron Fortificants & Pre-Biotics significantly improve Serum Folate Levels in Iron Deficient Women of Reproductive Age

The contents of the issues involved in children's health are becoming more complex. In many countries, school nurses in charge of multiple schools carry out health maintenance and management of children. In Japan, in a unique system,full-time teachers are assigned to each school. In addition to the diversity of duties, there are issues related to the system.

The purpose of this study is to clarify the job contents and issues in school health by reviewing the literature.

Examination of Job Content and Issues in School Health and Management - Multilateral Comparison by Literature Review

Despite an inadequate filling of prescriptions among diabetic patients has been a major public health problem, little is known about the interventions effect on it. 

The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis (SRMA) was to investigate the effectiveness of the various public health interventions on primary and secondary medication adherence among T2DM patients. 
Methods: Searching was done from the major databases; Cochrane Library, Medline/PubMed, EBSCOhost, and SCOPUS. Hand search was made to find grey literature. Articles focused on interventions to enhance primary and secondary medication among Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were included. After screening and checking eligibility, the methodological quality was assessed. Secondary medication adherence was synthesized descriptively due to measurement and definitions variations across the studies. Finally, meta-analysis was made using fixed effects model for primary medication adherence.

Effectiveness of Public Health Interventions on Improving Prescription Redemptions and Medication Adherence Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

This study analyzed weather conditions due to which students are likely to get sick or suffer injuries by examining the correlation between student visits to the treatment room and weather data. The aim is to ensure that students can lead a comfortable school life. Thus, it is necessary to consider the measures that teachers need to take.
We examined the correlation between the number of medical and surgical complaints by symptom in the treatment room visit record of a junior high and high school in 2019 and weather data. For the meteorological data, the data published by the Japan Meteorological Agency was used. Correlation analysis and an uncorrelated test were conducted (p The main complaints correlated with temperature were headache, abdominal pain, dizziness, constipation (p It was found that on hot days, illness and injury are likely to occur. Especially in the summer, teachers need to prepare the environment of the classrooms and gymnasiums, and have student drinking water and stretch when exercising.

Correlation Between Student Complaints and Meteorological Data

Medical laboratory test results serve as an instrument for the diagnosis and decision-making of clinical doctors about their patients. According to studies, an estimated 60-70% of clinical decisions regarding a patient's diagnosis, prescription, hospital admission and discharge are based on laboratory test results (Abdollahi & Saffar, 2014). Hence, mistakes made in every step of the total testing process (TTP) can potentially harm and affect the patients’ safety. This then gives importance to the identification and establishment of valuable quality indicators (QIs) which measure the processes, performance, and results in a healthcare setting reflecting the healthcare quality of a facility, and are used mainly to compare, measure, monitor, and improve their healthcare services or outcomes for the patients (Quentin et al., 2019). These indicators are crucial in ensuring that every step in the TTP is correctly performed and the best possible health outcomes are delivered. However, current QIs in the medical laboratory tend to focus on the efficiency of analytical processes, despite recent evidence suggesting that most errors occur outside the analytical phase (Plebani, 2012).

Pre-Analytical Laboratory Performance Evaluation Utilizing Quality Indicators Between Private and Government-Owned Hospitals Affiliated to University of Santo Tomas

Elementary school students regularly take physical measurements to check their health and growth and development. However, healthy schoolchildren usually do not undergo blood tests, so the influence of the body on healthy dietary habits is not known. Therefore, we evaluated the relationship between body image or food consciousness and serum lipids in Japanese boys aged 9–10 years. This can be important data when considering dietary education’s significance. 
We obtained data on body image, food consciousness, and serum lipids of 242 fourth-grade (9–10 years) boys in Japan’s A city from 2014 to 2016. We divided them into two groups based on their body image or food consciousness, and compared the serum lipid level and BMI of the groups using an unpaired t-test.

Relationship Between Body Image or Food Consciousness and Serum Lipids in Boys Aged 9-10 Years in Japan

The bulk of donated medical equipment in developing nations like Yemen is said to be inoperable owing to poor medical device management techniques, with estimates ranging as high as 80% out of service. There is, however, little documented evidence to back up these allegations.
With gratitude, I want to share this research that I did in the Yemeni governmental health sector, from which I discovered some circumstances that lead to the medical devices being given out of service.
This research is meant to provide some recommendations to underdeveloped countries regarding the proper optimization of donated medical devices, this will hopefully help developing public health services in these nations.

Proper Optimization Strategy for Donated Medical Devices in Yemeni Governmental Medical Sector

The role of schoolteachers in the event of a large-scale disaster is to ensure the safety of children, confirm the safety of children, and work toward the early normalization of school education activities. From our previous studies, few teachers envisioned teacher behavior when the school became an evacuation center. This study was conducted to understand how student-teachers perceive their role in school after the disaster. The study used a qualitative and descriptive study design. The participants were 143 students enrolled in the teacher-training course at this university and who took the training during their educational training. During training, students’ readiness was assessed through the following instruction: “Please itemize the three roles of teachers in the school after the disaster.” The submitted description was itemized into meaningful nouns using IBM SPSS Text Analytics for Surveys 4 (International Business Machines Corporation). I have summarized them in terms of meaning.

Awareness of the Role of Students Aspiring to be Teachers in Disaster Prevention

During the Covid-19 epidemic, more attention has been paid to the management of children's health, and regular medical checkups can detect diseases early and prevent some diseases brought about by bad habits. By comparing the differences between Chinese and Japanese school health checkups, we are looking for a better health checkup system.
Comparing students' physical and mental health through two methods: national literature and health screening practices in schools. we compared the following four aspects of school health check-ups in China with those in Japan: the purpose, included items, providers of school health-ups, and their behaviors and roles. We hope to improve the student physical examination system by comparing the school physical examinations in China and Japan and finding the strengths and weaknesses of each.

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