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Quasistatic response of loose cohesive granular materials

DEM-simulated model cohesive assemblies of spherical grains of diameter d, with contact tensile strength F_0, once prepared in loose states, are quasistatically subjected to growing isotropic pressure P, and then to triaxial compression, maintaining lateral stresses sigma_2 = sigma_ 3 = P_0 while increasing axial stress 1 = P + q and strain epsilon_1. Reduced pressure P*= d^2 P/F_0 varies from 0.1 (cohesion dominated case, for which systems typically equilibrate with solid fraction Phi = 0.35), to large values for which the cohesionless behavior is retrieved. In triaxial compression, while the moderate strain response (e.g. epsilon_1 = 0.1) is influenced by initial coordination numbers and mesoscale heterogeneities, the approach to the critical state, as both q (deviator) and Phi steadily increase, gets slower for smaller P*. Critical ratio q/p strongly increases for decreasing P* as roughly predicted in an “effective stress” scheme. Anomalously small elastic moduli are observed in the gel-like structures. While extensive geometric rearrangements take place, no shear banding is observed. Loose cohesive granular assemblies are thus capable of large quasistatic stable plastic strains and ductile rupture.

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technical paper

[EPJ Web of Conferences, Volume 249 (2021)](https://www.epj-conferences.org/articles/epjconf/abs/2021/03/contents/contents.html)

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