Singapore

An important desideratum in approval-based multiwinner voting is proportionality. We study the problem of reconfiguring proportional committees: given two proportional committees, is there a transition path that consists only of proportional committees, where each transition involves replacing one candidate with another candidate? We show that the set of committees satisfying the proportionality axiom of justified representation (JR) is not always connected, and it is PSPACE-complete to decide whether two such committees are connected. On the other hand, we prove that any two JR committees can be connected by committees satisfying a $2$-approximation of JR. We also obtain similar results for the stronger axiom of extended justified representation (EJR). In addition, we demonstrate that the committees produced by several well-known voting rules are connected or at least not isolated, and investigate the reconfiguration problem in restricted preference domains.

AAAI 2026

Reconfiguring Proportional Committees

reconfiguration

proportionality

multiwinner voting

computational social choice

The purpose of the AAAI conference is to promote research in artificial intelligence (AI) and scientific exchange among AI researchers, practitioners, scientists, and engineers in affiliated disciplines. 

AAAI 2022

technical paper

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We are pleased to announce the Fortieth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-26), which will be held in Singapore EXPO from January 20 to January 27, 2026.

Remote sensing change detection (RSCD) is crucial for ur-
ban monitoring, environmental protection, and disaster as-
sessment, but small-sample scenarios often lead to overfitting
and inaccurate predictions on unseen data. To address this, we
propose GSAG-CDGAN, an end-to-end framework integrat-
ing Selective Noise Augmentation (SNA) to mitigate overfit-
ting, an Attention-Guided Adversarial Network (AGAN) to
enhance structural consistency, and a Perceptual Loss Mod-
ule (PLM) to preserve semantic consistency. Experiments on
CDData-50 show that GSAG-CDGAN improves F1-Score
from 0.6954 to 0.8851, with notable gains in Recall and IoU,
demonstrating enhanced robustness under small-sample con-
ditions. Further evaluation on the WHU-CD dataset yields an
F1-Score of 0.9502, confirming strong cross-dataset general-
ization and the method’s effectiveness in diverse scenarios.

GSAG-CDGAN: A Generalizable Small-Sample Attention-Guided GAN for Remote Sensing Change Detection (Student Abstract)

Scenario-based testing is an important approach for the
development and validation of autonomous driving systems,
as it enables evaluation across different driving
situations. Safety-critical scenarios are especially
relevant, but they occur rarely in real-world data, which
creates the need for generation methods. In this paper, we
present a scalable AI-based approach based on a variational
autoencoder that unifies the generation of different types
of critical scenarios while introducing controllability
through a structured latent space. The integration of
unified generation and latent space control advances
AI-based scenario generation towards practical use, thereby
supporting the requirements of industrial validation
pipelines.

Guided Latent Spaces for Controllable Multi-Scenario Generation in Autonomous Driving (Student Abstract)

This study introduces PEFT-DML, a parameter-efficient deep
metric learning framework for robust multi-modal 3D object
detection in autonomous driving. Unlike conventional models
that assume fixed sensor availability, PEFT-DML maps
diverse modalities (LiDAR, radar, camera, IMU, GNSS) into a
shared latent space, enabling reliable detection even under
sensor dropout or unseen modality–class combinations. By
integrating Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) and adapter layers,
PEFT-DML achieves significant training efficiency while
enhancing robustness to fast motion, weather variability,
and domain shifts. Experiments on benchmarks nuScenes
demonstrate superior accuracy.

PEFT-DML: Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning Deep Metric Learning for Robust Multi-Modal 3D Object Detection in Autonomous Driving (Student Abstract)

The recent proliferation of large language models (LLMs) holds the potential to revolutionize healthcare, with strong capabilities in diverse medical tasks. Yet, deploying LLMs in high-stakes healthcare settings requires rigorous verification and validation to understand any potential harm. This paper investigates the reliability and viability of using medical knowledge graphs (KGs) for the automated factuality evaluation of LLM-generated responses. To ground this investigation, we introduce FAITH, a framework designed to systematically probe the strengths and limitations of this KG-based approach. FAITH operates without reference answers by decomposing responses into atomic claims, linking them to a medical KG, and scoring them based on evidence paths. Experiments on diverse medical tasks with human subjective evaluations demonstrate that KG-grounded evaluation achieves considerably higher correlations with clinician judgments and can effectively distinguish LLMs with varying capabilities. It is also robust to textual variances. The inherent explainability of its scoring can further help users understand and mitigate the limitations of current LLMs. We conclude that while limitations exist, leveraging KGs is a prominent direction for automated factuality assessment in healthcare.

Assessing Automated Fact-Checking for Medical LLM Responses with Knowledge Graphs

Accurate identification of protein active sites at the residue level is crucial for understanding protein function and advancing drug discovery. However, current methods face two critical challenges: vulnerability in single-instance prediction due to sparse training data, and inadequate modality reliability estimation that leads to performance degradation when unreliable modalities dominate fusion processes. To address these challenges, we introduce Multimodal Mixtureof-Experts with Retrieval Augmentation (MERA), the first
retrieval-augmented framework for protein active site identification. MERA employs hierarchical multi-expert retrieval that dynamically aggregates contextual information from chain, sequence, and active-site perspectives through residuelevel mixture-of-experts gating. To prevent modality degradation, we propose a reliability-aware fusion strategy based on Dempster–Shafer evidence theory that quantifies modality trustworthiness through belief mass functions and learnable discounting coefficients, enabling principled multimodal integration. Extensive experiments on ProTAD-Gen and TS125 datasets demonstrate that MERA achieves state-of-the-art performance, with 90% AUPRC on active site prediction and significant gains on peptide-binding site identification, validating the effectiveness of retrieval-augmented multi-expert modeling and reliability-guided fusion

Multimodal Mixture-of-Experts with Retrieval Augmentation for Protein Active Site Identification

Simultaneous Speech Translation (SimulST) systems stream in audio while simultaneously emitting translated text or speech. Such systems face the significant challenge of balancing translation quality and latency. We introduce a strategy to optimize this tradeoff: wait for more input only if you gain information by doing so. Based on this strategy, we present Regularized Entropy INformation Adaptation (REINA), a novel loss to train an adaptive policy using an existing non-streaming translation model. We derive REINA from information theory principles and show that REINA helps push the reported Pareto frontier of the latency/quality tradeoff over prior works.
Utilizing REINA, we train a SimulST model on French, Spanish and German, both from and into English. Training on only open source or synthetically generated data, we achieve state-of-the-art (SOTA) streaming results for models of comparable size. We also introduce a metric for streaming efficiency, quantitatively showing REINA improves the latency/quality trade-off by as much as 21\% compared to prior approaches, normalized against non-streaming baseline BLEU scores.

REINA: Regularized Entropy Information-Based Loss for Efficient Simultaneous Speech Translation

In high-stakes scenarios—such as self-harm, legal, or medical queries—LLMs must be both trustworthy and helpful. However, these goals often conflict. We propose priority alignment, a new alignment paradigm that enforces a strict “trustworthy-before-helpful” ordering: optimization of helpfulness is conditioned on first meeting trustworthy thresholds (e.g., harmlessness or honesty). To realize this, we introduce Self-Priority Alignment (SPA)—a fully unsupervised framework that generates diverse responses, self-evaluates them and refines them by the model itself, and applies dual-criterion denoising to remove inconsistency and control variance. From this, SPA constructs lexicographically ordered preference pairs and fine-tunes the model using an uncertainty-weighted alignment loss that emphasizes high-confidence, high-gap decisions. Experiments across multiple benchmarks show that SPA improves helpfulness without compromising safety, outperforming strong baselines while preserving general capabilities. Our results demonstrate that SPA provides a scalable and interpretable alignment strategy for critical LLM applications.

SPA: Achieving Consensus in LLM Alignment via Self-Priority Optimization

Reward functions, learned or manually specified, are rarely perfect. Instead of accurately expressing human goals, these reward functions are often distorted by human beliefs about how best to achieve those goals. Specifically, these reward functions often express a combination of the human's terminal goals — those which are ends in themselves — and the human's instrumental goals — those which are means to an end. We formulate a simple example in which even slight conflation of instrumental and terminal goals results in severe misalignment: optimizing the misspecified reward function $\hat{r}$ results in poor performance when measured by the true reward function $r$. This example distills the essential properties of environments that make reinforcement learning highly sensitive to conflation of instrumental and terminal goals. We discuss how this issue can arise with a common approach to reward learning and how it can manifest in real environments.

Misalignment from Treating Means as Ends

High-fidelity helicopter flight simulators are essential for preparing pilots for complex and hazardous environments, yet realistic urban wind dynamics are difficult to reproduce in real time when relying on precomputed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) data. We present the first integration of a Fourier Neural Operator (FNO) into a Level D full flight simulator for real-time, physics-based urban wind field generation. Trained on high-resolution urban flow simulations, the FNO predicts one-minute-averaged 3D wind fields that dynamically adapt to flight state and location, replacing static wind inputs in the simulator pipeline. Turbulence levels are computed from the predictions and injected directly into the simulation loop. Professional pilots evaluated the system in an urban scenario and reported that it reproduced wind effects they would expect, such as turbulence and directional changes when landing behind buildings. They highlighted its value for less experienced pilots to develop wind awareness and for realistic training in critical operations, including offshore platform landings.

Integrating Fourier Neural Operators into High-Fidelity Helicopter Flight Simulation for Real-Time Urban Wind Prediction

The widespread application of uninterpretable machine learning systems for sensitive purposes has spurred research into elucidating the decision-making process of these systems. These efforts have their background in many different disciplines, one of which is the field of AI & law. In particular, recent works have observed that machine learning training data can be interpreted as legal cases. Under this interpretation, the formalism developed to study case law, called the theory of precedential constraint, can be used to analyze the way in which machine learning systems draw on training data—or should draw on them—to make decisions. In the present work, we advance the theory underlying these explanation methods, by relating it to order theory and logic. This allows us to write a software implementation of the theory that can be used to compute with the definitions and give automatic proofs of the properties of the model. We use this implementation to evaluate the model on a series of datasets. Through this analysis, we characterize the types of datasets that are more, or less, suitable to be described by the theory.

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