Singapore

Learning finite automata from positive examples has recently gained attention as a powerful approach for understanding, explaining, analyzing, and verifying black-box systems. The motivation for focusing solely on positive examples arises from the practical limitation that we can only observe what a system is capable of (positive examples) but not what it cannot do (negative examples). Unlike the classical problem of passive DFA learning with both positive and negative examples, which has been known to be NP-complete since the 1970s, the topic of learning DFAs exclusively from positive examples remains poorly understood. This paper introduces a novel perspective on this problem by leveraging the concept of counting the number of accepted words up to a carefully determined length. Our contributions are twofold. First, we prove that computing the minimal number of words up to this length accepted by DFAs of a given size that accept all positive examples, is NP-complete, establishing that learning from positive examples alone is computationally demanding. Second, we propose a new learning algorithm with a better asymptotic runtime that the best-known bound for existing algorithms. While our experimental evaluation reveals that this algorithm under-performs state-of-the-art methods, it demonstrates significant potential as a preprocessing step to enhance existing approaches.

AAAI 2026

Learning DFAs from Positive Examples Only via Word Counting

passiev learning

automata

complexity

The purpose of the AAAI conference series is to promote research in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and foster scientific exchange between researchers, practitioners, scientists, students, and engineers across the entirety of AI and its affiliated disciplines. AAAI-23 is the Thirty-Seventh AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence. The theme of this conference is to create collaborative bridges within and beyond AI. Like previous AAAI conferences, AAAI-23 will feature technical paper presentations, special tracks, invited speakers, workshops, tutorials, poster sessions, senior member presentations, competitions, and exhibit programs, and two new activities: a Bridge Program and a Lab Program. Many of these activities are tailored to the theme of bridges and all are selected according to the highest standards, with additional programs for students and young researchers. 
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AAAI 2023

The purpose of the AAAI conference series is to promote research in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and foster scientific exchange between researchers, practitioners, scientists, students, and engineers across the entirety of AI and its affiliated disciplines.

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We are pleased to announce the Fortieth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-26), which will be held in Singapore EXPO from January 20 to January 27, 2026.

The purpose of the AAAI conference series is to promote research in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and foster scientific exchange between researchers, practitioners, scientists, students, and engineers across the entirety of AI and its affiliated disciplines. AAAI-26 will feature technical paper presentations, special tracks, invited speakers, workshops, tutorials, poster sessions, senior member presentations, competitions, and exhibit programs, and a range of other activities to be announced.

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We are pleased to announce the Fortieth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-26), which will be held in Singapore EXPO from January 20 to January 27, 2026.

Dense visual prediction tasks, including object detection and segmentation, inherently require precise and discriminative positional information to delineate object boundaries and pixel regions. Recent DETR-based frameworks advance dense prediction tasks through iterative attention applied to content queries, with sampled proposals as position references. However, this paradigm suffers from the misaligned sampling distribution and insufficient interaction between the content and position features, thereby limiting the encoding
effectiveness. To overcome these limitations, we investigate the encoding paradigm for content-position harmonization and propose a unified predictor for dense visual tasks, termed DAPE (DETR with hArmonized content-Position Encoding). DAPE introduces explicit position encoding to facilitate content enhancement while maintaining low memory overhead. To achieves this process, DAPE comprises a Shifted Query Sampler (SQS) that enforces strict alignment between the distributions of content and position queries, and a 2D Low-
Rank Position Encoder (LRPE) that progressively modulates attention maps based on the aligned representations. DAPE provides a unified solution for various dense prediction tasks. Extensive experiments on object detection, instance segmentation, and few-shot detection benchmarks demonstrate that DAPE achieves state-of-the-art performance while reducing memory consumption. Code will be released upon publication.

DAPE: Harmonizing Content-Position Encoding for Versatile Dense Visual Prediction

While LLMs have shown great success in financial tasks like stock prediction and question answering, their application in fully automating Equity Research Report generation remains uncharted territory. In this paper, we formulate the Equity Research Report (ERR) Generation task for the first time. To address the data scarcity and the evaluation metrics absence, we present an open-source evaluation benchmark for ERR generation - FinRpt. We frame a Dataset Construction Pipeline that integrates 7 financial data types and produces a high-quality ERR dataset automatically, which could be used for model training and evaluation. We also introduce a comprehensive evaluation system including 11 metrics to assess the generated ERRs. Moreover, we propose a multi-agent framework specifically tailored to address this task, named FinRpt-Gen, and train several LLM-based agents on the proposed datasets using Supervised Fine-Tuning and Reinforcement Learning. Experimental results indicate the data quality and metrics effectiveness of the benchmark FinRpt and the strong performance of FinRpt-Gen, showcasing their potential to drive innovation in the ERR generation field. All code and datasets are publicly available.

FinRpt: Dataset, Evaluation System and LLM-based Multi-agent Framework for Equity Research Report Generation

Text-video retrieval aims to bridge vision and language areas, which is a crucial task in multi-modal intelligence. The core idea is to learn video and textual features to quantify their semantic relevance. A common limitation in current approaches is the oversimplification of video content, where complex spatiotemporal structures are compressed into a single global representation. Consequently, these methods struggle to fully capture dynamic visual variations and discriminative appearance inside a video, further complicating cross-modal alignment. To alleviate these issues, we introduce a novel decoupling approach that independently processes appearance and motion cues, capitalizing on their complementary nature for more expressive video modeling. Specifically, we propose an appearance-motion decomposed network (AMD-Net) to decouple spatial-level appearance and temporal-level motion understanding via the discriminative appearance learning and multi-scale motion learning modules. The proposed model enjoys several merits. First, the designed discriminative appearance learning module with a Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) based prototype initialization can effectively reduce redundant appearance information, and a high-order cross-aggregation mechanism enhances prototype resilience and facilitates comprehensive video understanding. Second, the proposed multi-scale motion learning (MML) module can capture motion features at varying temporal scales, which are complementary to appearance features for accurate text-video retrieval. Extensive experiments on five standard benchmarks demonstrate that our method performs favorably against state-of-the-art methods.

Appearance-Motion Decomposed Alignment for Text-Video Retrieval

Diffusion Transformers (DiTs) are a powerful yet underexplored class of generative models compared to U-Net-based diffusion architectures. We propose TIDE—Temporal-aware sparse autoencoders for Interpretable Diffusion transformErs—a framework designed to extract sparse, interpretable activation features across timesteps in DiTs. TIDE effectively captures temporally-varying representations and reveals that DiTs naturally learn hierarchical semantics (e.g., 3D structure, object class, and fine-grained concepts) during large-scale pretraining. Experiments show that TIDE enhances interpretability and controllability while maintaining reasonable generation quality, enabling applications such as safe image editing and style transfer.

TIDE: Temporal-Aware Sparse Autoencoders for Interpretable Diffusion Transformers in Image Generation

Modality-agnostic Semantic Segmentation (MaSS) aims to achieve robust scene understanding across arbitrary combinations of input modality. Existing methods typically rely on explicit feature alignment to achieve modal homogenization, which dilutes the distinctive strengths of each modality and destroys their inherent complementarity. To achieve cooperative harmonization rather than homogenization, we propose CHARM, a novel complementary learning framework designed to implicitly align content while preserving modality-specific advantages through two components: (1) Mutual Perception Unit (MPU), enabling implicit alignment through window-based cross-modal interaction, where modalities serve as both queries and contexts for each other to discover modality-interactive correspondences; (2) A dual-path optimization strategy that decouples training into Collaborative Learning Strategy (CoL) for complementary fusion learning and Individual Enhancement Strategy (InE) for protected modality-specific optimization. Experiments across multiple datasets and backbones indicate that CHARM consistently outperform the baselines, with significant increment on the fragile modalities. This work shifts the focus from model homogenization to harmonization, enabling cross-modal complementarity for true harmony in diversity.

CHARM: Collaborative Harmonization Across Arbitrary Modalities for Modality-Agnostic Semantic Segmentation

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have achieved impressive performance across a wide range of multimodal tasks. However, they still face critical challenges in modeling long-range dependencies under the usage of Rotary Positional Encoding (ROPE). Although it can facilitate precise modeling of token positions, it induces progressive attention decay as token distance increases, especially with progressive attention decay over distant token pairs, which severely impairs the model's ability to remember global context. To alleviate this issue, we propose inference-only Three-step Decay Resilience Strategies (T-DRS), comprising (1) Semantic-Driven DRS (SD-DRS), amplifying semantically meaningful but distant signals via content-aware residuals, (2) Distance-aware Control DRS (DC-DRS), which can purify attention by smoothly modulating weights based on positional distances, suppressing noise while preserving locality, and (3) re-Reinforce Distant DRS (reRD-DRS), consolidating the remaining informative remote dependencies to maintain global coherence. Together, the T-DRS recover suppressed long-range token pairs without harming local inductive biases. Extensive experiments on Vision Question Answering (VQA) benchmarks demonstrate that T-DRS can consistently improve performance in a training-free manner. Our code will be available.

Remember Me: Bridging the Long-Range Gap in LVLMs with Three-Step Inference-Only Decay Resilience Strategies

Rectified flow models have shown strong potential in high-fidelity video generation, yet extending them to high-resolution remains challenging due to the high cost of full attention and error accumulation in the ODE-solving process. In this paper, we propose S$^2$Flow, a training-free framework that enables efficient and authentic high-resolution video generation by jointly exploring \textbf{Flow}-guided \textbf{S}parse attention and \textbf{S}econd-order ODE solution. Specifically, S$^2$Flow exploits and transfers the semantic and structural information from the low-resolution flow trajectory to guide the high-resolution flow in two aspects. First, S$^2$Flow dynamically captures the sparse patterns of the spatio-temporal attention maps from low-resolution videos to construct localized 3D windows, enabling efficient window attention in high-resolution inference. This can significantly reduce redundant computation while preserving contextual dependencies. Second, S$^2$Flow adopts a second-order ODE solver based on Taylor expansion, where the high-order derivative is approximated via central difference from the low-resolution flow, facilitating accurate high-resolution denoising. Extensive experiments on VBench dataset demonstrate that S$^2$Flow outperforms prior methods in both visual quality and inference speed, enabling $4\times$ acceleration on $2560 \times 1536$ video generation.

S²Flow: Towards Fast and Authentic Training-Free High-Resolution Video Generation

In this work, we study the problem of offline safe imitation learning (IL). In many real-world settings, online interactions can be risky, and accurately specifying the reward and the safety cost information at each timestep can be difficult. However, it is often feasible to collect trajectories reflecting undesirable or risky behavior, implicitly conveying the behavior the agent should avoid. We refer to these trajectories as non-preferred trajectories. Unlike standard IL, which aims to mimic demonstrations, our agent must also learn to avoid risky behavior using non-preferred trajectories. In this paper, we propose a novel approach, SafeMIL, to learn a parameterized cost that predicts if the state-action pair is risky via Multiple Instance Learning. The learned cost is then used to avoid non-preferred behaviors, resulting in a policy that prioritizes safety. We empirically demonstrate that our approach can learn a safer policy that satisfies cost constraints without degrading the reward performance, thereby outperforming several baselines.

SafeMIL: Learning Offline Safe Imitation Policy from Non-Preferred Trajectories

Multi-view multi-label data offers richer perspectives for artificial intelligence, but simultaneously presents significant challenges for feature selection due to the inherent complexity of interrelations among features, views and labels. Attention mechanisms provide an effective way for analyzing these intricate relationships. They can compute importance weights for information by aggregating correlations between Query and Key matrices to focus on pertinent Values. However, existing attention-based feature selection methods predominantly focus on intra-view relationships, neglecting the complementarity of inter-view features and the critical feature-label correlations. Moreover, they often fail to account for feature redundancy, potentially leading to suboptimal feature subsets. To overcome these limitations, we propose a novel method based on Redundancy-optimized Multi-head Attention Networks for Multi-view Multi-label Feature Selection (RMAN-MMFS). Specifically, we employ each individual attention head to model intra-view feature relationships and use the cross-attention mechanisms between different heads to capture inter-view feature complementarity. Furthermore, we design static and dynamic feature redundancy terms: the static term mitigates redundancy within each view, while the dynamic term explicitly models redundancy between unselected and selected features across the entire selection process, thereby promoting feature compactness. Comprehensive evaluations on six real-world datasets, comparing against six multi-view multi-label feature selection methods, demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed method.

Redundancy-optimized Multi-head Attention Networks for Multi-view Multi-label Feature Selection

Multivariate time series classification (MTSC) has broad applications in numerous domains. Existing MTSC methods typically focus on either temporal dynamics or variable interactions of the data, often overlooking cross-scale couplings among different variables. To bridge this gap, we propose Scale-Variable Graph Learning (SVGL), a novel framework that effectively captures data-inherent scale-variable interactions for MTSC. SVGL begins with spectral analysis to adaptively identify key periodic scales for each variable. A period-aware reservoir computing network is then incorporated to fit the variable at these scales, encoding the sequential and periodic dynamics into multi-scale dynamic representations. Subsequently, we construct a scale-variable graph to model interactions of the encoded temporal dynamics, where nodes represent scale-variable pairs and edges denote their correlations. After sparsely initializing the graph via nearest neighbors, a parallel graph learning architecture is integrated in SVGL, combining global graph convolutional and sample-specific graph attention to aggregate effective features for classification. Extensive experiments on 30 UEA datasets demonstrate that SVGL outperforms state-of-the-art baselines in accuracy and maintains low training overhead.

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DAPE: Harmonizing Content-Position Encoding for Versatile Dense Visual Prediction

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