United States

CogSci 2025

Developing models for learning and exploration

The 46th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society was an in-person meeting held in Rotterdam, The Netherlands at the Postillion Hotel & Conference Centre.

**ON-DEMAND PROGRAM ACCESS AFTER THE CONFERENCE**<br>
Recordings of the invited program are now available. You can access them by clicking on the 'Schedule' icon on the left. Select view by week and navigate to the day and time slot of the recording you wish to view. Click on the time slot to access the recording.

Recordings available (click on each recording to view):

**Thursday, July 25**<br>
0900: [Keynote Speaker Morgan Barense on Enhancing real-world event memory](https://underline.io/events/465/sessions/17997/lecture/99084-dynamics-between-minds-and-the-environment)<br>
1000: [Gleitman Award Winner Isabelle Dautriche on Language Foundations: Insights from acquisition, communication, cognition, and more](https://underline.io/events/465/sessions/18000/lecture/99085-gleitman-talk)<br>
1415: [Invited Symposium: Dynamics between minds and the environment](https://underline.io/events/465/sessions?eventSessionId=18016&searchGroup=lecture)<br>
1700: [Rumelhart Prize Presentation Speaker Alison Gopnik on Exploit, explore, empower: Three ages and three intelligences](https://underline.io/events/465/sessions/18028/lecture/99161-rp1-rumelhart-prize-presentation)<br>

**Friday, July 26**<br>
0900: [C.L. de Carvalho-Heineken Prize Keynote Speaker Kia Nobre on Focusing in memory](https://underline.io/events/465/sessions/18035/lecture/99162-hp1-c-l-de-carvalho-heineken-prize-keynote-address)<br>
1030: [Rumelhart Symposium: Childhood as exploration](https://underline.io/events/465/sessions/18038/lecture/100346-childhood-as-exploration)<br>
1415: [Elman Prize Symposium](https://underline.io/events/465/sessions?eventSessionId=18053&searchGroup=lecture)<br>
1600: [Invited Symposium: Dynamics between minds](https://underline.io/events/465/sessions?eventSessionId=18065&searchGroup=lecture)<br>
1745: [Keynote Speaker Andrea E. Martin on Neural dynamics encode the structure and statistics of language](https://underline.io/events/465/sessions/18077/lecture/99271-neural-dynamics-encode-the-structure-and-statistics-of-language)<br>

**Saturday, July 27**<br>
0900: [Keynote Speaker Gregor Schöner on How higher cognition emerges from the dynamics of strongly interacting neural populations](https://underline.io/events/465/sessions/18083/lecture/99273-dynamics-within-the-mind)<br>
1000: [Glushko Talks](https://underline.io/events/465/sessions?eventSessionId=18086&searchGroup=lecture)<br>
1500: [Invited Symposium: Dynamics within minds](https://underline.io/events/465/sessions?eventSessionId=18100&searchGroup=lecture)<br>


#### **CogSci 2024 Program Book**
<div style="position:relative;padding-top:0;width:900px;height:500px;"><iframe style="position:absolute;border:none;width:100%;height:100%;left:0;top:0;" src="https://online.fliphtml5.com/ebtyf/cble/"  seamless="seamless" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" allowtransparency="true" allowfullscreen="true" ></iframe></div>


**The Program Book can be downloaded [here](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1yRVp1cBqRnAbdYi4GXWV_pZeyWNsRquv/view?usp=sharing).**

#### **Letter from the President**

Welcome to the 2024 Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society in Rotterdam! CogSci 2024 brings together a large community of cognitive scientists who have traveled here from around the world, as well as a smaller group of remote presenters. I would like to extend an especially warm welcome to our first-time CogSci meeting attendees, and hope that 
their experience inspires them to join our future meetings for many years to come.

I want to thank this year’s conference co-chairs, Larissa K Samuelson, Stefan Frank, Mariya Toneva, Allyson Mackey, and Eliot Hazeltine, for putting together an amazing series of invited talks and symposia around the theme of Dynamics of Cognition. The co-chairs also deserve credit for handling a record-breaking number of submissions and producing a truly exciting conference program 

Beyond the invited talks and symposia dedicated to this year’s conference theme, I would like to highlight the presentations and events honoring the 
Rumelhart, Elman, Gleitman and C .L . de Carvalho Heineken prize winners, including the Rumelhart reception on Thursday. As you may know, we are recording all of the invited talks and symposia, and all prize-winners’ talks, and will be making this content available after the conference. 

The Cognitive Science Society relies on the volunteer efforts of our Governing Board members who work on matters related to our membership; conference policies; diversity and inclusion, international, and outreach initiatives; prizes and much more. We welcome interest from Society members who would like to become more involved in what we do. The 
Society is deeply grateful to Rick Dale and Andrea Bender, who serve as editors of the two Society journals, Cognitive Science and Topics in Cognitive Science respectively. We especially acknowledge our editors’ generosity in donating their stipends each year to D&I and outreach efforts. 

This year’s Annual Meeting depends critically on the support of Marischal De Armond and his team at Podium Conference Specialists: Sharon Zwack, Cendrine De Vis, Sarah-Kate Burke, and Rachel Waller worked tirelessly to secure the venue and handled a multitude of logistical and organizational issues, from arranging coffee breaks and receptions to making sure that a huge number of posters fits comfortably into the available space. Finally, and importantly, I would like to acknowledge the Cognitive Science Society Executive Officer, Erica Wojcik, for managing the complex and ever expanding sphere of our Society’s activities.

I hope you enjoy this year’s meeting and the many different opportunities to engage with the vibrant community of cognitive scientists gathered here. I also hope you get a chance to explore the great city of Rotterdam with its many attractions, museums, restaurants and scenic views. If you’d like to talk more about our Society, or simply want to say hello, please stop by!

![](https://assets.underline.io/markdown_image/1/image/3c66d0e21fff30e204df1138ffd15173.jpeg)

**Anna Papafragou**  
President, Cognitive Science 
Society 2023-2024

**CODE OF CONDUCT**<br>
By attending the CogSci 2024 Conference, you are required to adhere to the society’s [Code of Conduct](https://drive.google.com/file/d/16-6KkptF0Gn3ZYGJDlpqpwTdImw45Ng0/view?usp=drive_link).

**ABOUT THE COGNITIVE SCIENCE SOCIETY**<br>
The Cognitive Science Society brings together researchers from around the world who hold a common goal: understanding the nature of the human mind. The mission of the Society is to promote Cognitive Science as a discipline, and to foster scientific interchange among researchers in various areas of study, including Artificial Intelligence, Linguistics, Anthropology, Psychology, Neuroscience, Philosophy, and Education.

The Society is a non-profit professional organization and its activities include sponsoring an annual conference and publishing the journals Cognitive Science and TopiCS.
<br><br>

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CogSci 2024

The 46th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society presents the latest research across cognitive science and highlights the theme of Cognition in Context.

invited talk

### Welcome to CogSci Conference 2025!

The 47th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society was a hybrid meeting held in San Francisco. 

<div style="position:relative;padding-top:0;width:900px;height:500px;"><iframe style="position:absolute;border:none;width:100%;height:100%;left:0;top:0;" src="https://online.fliphtml5.com/ebtyf/amvr/"  seamless="seamless" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" allowtransparency="true" allowfullscreen="true" ></iframe></div>

#### About

The Cognitive Science Society brings together researchers from around the world who hold a common goal: understanding the nature of the human mind. The mission of the Society is to promote Cognitive Science as a discipline, and to foster scientific interchange among researchers in various areas of study, including Artificial Intelligence, Linguistics, Anthropology, Psychology, Neuroscience, Philosophy, and Education.

The Society is a non-profit professional organization and its activities include sponsoring an annual conference and publishing the journals Cognitive Science and TopiCS.

#### Our History 

* **Society Creation**<br>
The Society was incorporated as a 501(c)(3) non-profit professional organization in Massachusetts in 1979. The organizing committee included Roger Schank, Allan Collins, Donald Norman, and a number of other scholars from psychology, linguistics, computer science, and philosophy. 
<br><br>
* **Conference Creation**<br>
The first conference on cognitive science was held at La Jolla, California in August, 1979, and has occurred annually since then. The proceedings of each conference are published, and those from most years are available through Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. The annual proceedings of the Cognitive Science Conference represent a major source of information on new work and new ideas in the scientific study of thinking. In 1990, the Society, with help from an anonymous donor, established the David Marr Prize for the best student paper at each annual meeting.
<br><br>
* **Journal Creation**<br>
The Journal, Cognitive Science, began publication in 1976, and is now published by Wiley-Blackwell. The Executive Editor is currently Richard P. Cooper of Birkbeck, University of London, and there are 18 Associate Editors and a 30-member editorial board. It serves as the premier outlet for research reports that intersect two or more disciplines. Copyrights for articles published in the journal are held by the Society. The Governing Board of the Cognitive Science Society voted in late 2006 to found a new journal, Topics in Cognitive Science (topiCS). The Editor in Chief is Wayne Gray, Cognitive Science Department, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. The journal seeks to fill a niche not occupied by Cognitive Science Journal or other cognitive science journals. Membership in the Society includes a subscription to Cognitive Science and TopiCS. Copyrights for articles published in the journal are held by the Society.
<br><br>

#### Code of Conduct

By attending the CogSci 2025 Conference, you are required to adhere to the society’s **[Code of Conduct](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ChPuihLy6jE_BWqfO7J2KKgX35JW2zsM/view?usp=sharing)**.
<br><br>


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The 47th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society presents the latest research across cognitive science and highlights the theme of Cognition in Context.

There is a longstanding debate over how much idiosyncratic, item-specific knowledge is contained in our mental grammars, in addition to productive knowledge of item-general rules and constraints. A key source of evidence is ordering preferences for syntactic alternations like the dative (“throw him an apple” vs. “throw an apple to him”) vary depending on which words they contain. But the quantitative extent of this variability is
poorly understood, especially in relation to superficially similar, non-dative constructions which are not alternating (“throw the man to the floor” vs. “*throw the floor the man”). To address this, we built a large corpus of naturally-occurring sentences including either dative or superficially similar non-dative structures, and analyzed the unique contributions of productive and verb-specific knowledge in predicting argument ordering preferences

Syntactic Choice Is Shaped by Fine-Grained, Item-Specific Knowledge

Visuomotor adaptation involves explicit strategies and implicit recalibration, but their interaction remains unclear. Strategies can take two forms: algorithmic strategies, involving mental simulation of motor solutions, and retrieval strategies, which rely on previously successful solutions. These strategies arise from distinct neural circuits, which are likely to influence  cerebellar-dependent implicit recalibration in different ways. To explore this, we created conditions favoring algorithmic (visuomotor mental rotation) or retrieval strategies by varying training target set size, as retrieval is limited by working memory. We controlled for generalization and intertrial effects, isolating implicit recalibration. Preparation times confirmed distinct strategy adoption. While the magnitudes of implicit recalibration were similar, generalization breadth was narrower with retrieval strategies, suggesting stricter stimulus-response associations. Algorithmic strategies produced broader generalization. These findings confirm that algorithmic and retrieval strategies impact implicit recalibration differently, and demand that future efforts to characterize the pattern of implicit generalization must account for the unique contribution of different forms of explicit strategies.

How different cognitive strategies can influence implicit recalibration in visuomotor adaptation

Inconsistency among beliefs is a hallmark of irrationality. Despite longstanding interest in inconsistency in philosophy and psychology, empirical evidence of synchronically held inconsistencies among people’s belief has proven elusive. Here, across two pre-registered experiments (Ns = 500, 274), we identify inconsistent beliefs simultaneously held by individual participants. Drawing on Sommer et al.’s (2023) proposal that accessibility in memory helps people achieve consistent beliefs, we constructed sets of questions that facilitated or hindered the accessibility of relevant knowledge. Our results support the proposal that consistency is enforced when beliefs are simultaneously accessible, rather than resulting from exhaustive consistency-checking. We find that when participants have simultaneous access to inconsistent beliefs–even regarding inconsequential general knowledge topics–they tend to revise their beliefs toward consistency. Furthermore, we experimentally distinguish an alternative explanation that the inconsistencies we evoked are merely inconsistent responses. Taken together, our results suggest that inconsistency among beliefs may be common, arising when inconsistencies are inaccessible.

Do Whales Have Hair? Are Whales Mammals?  Identifying Synchronic Inconsistencies Among Beliefs

In recent years, depression, as a prevalent mental health disorder has drawn increasing attention. With the advance of AI technology, automatic and objective diagnosis methods emerge by observing signals like electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, faces and behaviors. In the present paper, we propose gait analysis as a non-invasive method for depression detection. In this study, we propose a prior-prompt-based graph convolution network (PP-GCN) for depression recognition through gait that integrates skeleton and text modalities. Different from the conventional single-modal methods in the present study, we utilize prior knowledge and angle features. We innovatively introduce Generative Action Prompt (GAP), leveraging a pre-trained large language model to generate motion descriptions for different body parts, thereby providing prior knowledge for depression recognition. Additionally, considering the subtle gait feature variations in individuals with depression, we further incorporate a joint-angle-based representation strategy to capture fine-grained variations in movements. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms existing skeleton-based approaches on a large-scale dataset which contains over 25,000 gait sequences from nearly 300 volunteers named D-Gait, achieving excellent performance.

Prior-Prompt-Based GCN for Depression Recognition Through Gait Observation

Advice-taking plays a critical role in collaboration. Yet people tend to under-utilize advice, often to their own detriment. We investigate if people's utilization of advice improves when they know the advisor has access to different information compared to them. We examine how individuals integrate advice in an estimation task, where the advisee and the advisor have access to different perspectives of the same problem. We assess how individuals adjust their estimates when presented with estimates from a human advisor and an AI advisor, and when they are given information about the advisor's perspective. Our findings are consistent with egocentric discounting where individuals exhibit a general bias toward their own information. However, this discounting is lower for AI advisors compared to human advisors in our experiment. Our results also show that the advisor's estimate is taken more into account when the advisor has a more favorable viewpoint -- for both human and AI advisors. This suggests a potential for optimizing advice-taking behavior by enhancing people's understanding of the advisor's viewpoint. This study furthers our understanding of advice-taking dynamics with human and AI advisors and the role of perspective-taking in decision-making processes.

Seeing Things Differently: The Role of Differing Perspectives in Advice-Taking

Individuals receive information about risk mainly via two ways: description, which provides explicit outcomes and associated probabilities of available choice options; and experience, where individuals interact with the choice options and receive feedback from their choices. In the current work, we investigate how the presence of descriptions in a risky experience-based task influenced choice behaviour and memory of past outcomes. Participants made repeated choices in either an experience-only condition or a description-plus-experience condition, where descriptions were presented alongside feedback. They were more risk seeking in the description-plus-experience condition than in the experience-only condition, particularly in the domain of losses. This suggests that descriptions have an asymmetric effect, exerting a stronger influence in loss contexts. While the presence of descriptions did not eliminate memory biases (i.e., overweighting the best and worst experienced outcomes), their impact on choice was reduced. Future research will explore the underlying mechanisms of this effect.

How descriptions moderate memory biases in experience-based risky choice

Cognitive science offers powerful tools for addressing pressing public health needs. Here we apply the cognitive science of intuitive theories and the tools of Bayesian networks to shed light on why so few children in the US have received COVID vaccines and how we might encourage caregivers to seek out these and other life-saving vaccines for their children. 1700 US parents completed 13 belief scales on a range of topics likely to influence their endorsement of pediatric COVID vaccines. We deployed structure learning techniques to develop a cognitive model of the relationships among beliefs and their influence on endorsement of vaccines for children, which accounted for 70% of the variance in participants’ beliefs in a held-out testing split. Model-based simulations suggested that educational interventions focused on the effectiveness of COVID vaccines for supporting individual and community health may be most effective in increasing uptake of the COVID vaccine for children.

Modeling a network of beliefs surrounding parents’ endorsement of COVID vaccines for children

Semitic languages are characterized as having two types of discontinuous morphemes: roots and word patterns. The role of these morphemes in lexical access and representation remains debated, especially in the case of word patterns. Roots exhibit robust priming for both nouns and verbs, while word patterns yield mixed results—verbal patterns tend to show stronger priming effects than nominal ones. While previous research (e.g., Deutsch et al., 1998) suggested that differences in productivity might explain these word class effects on word pattern priming, no study has directly investigated this hypothesis. To isolate the contributions of productivity and word class, we used a 2×2 factorial design crossing productivity (high vs. low) with word class (verb vs. noun). This design allows us to disentangle the two variables that were previously confounded in studies such as Boudelaa & Marslen-Wilson (2015). We did this using a masked visual priming experiment in Arabic. We found that, regardless of word class, high- productivity patterns showed robust priming, whereas low- productivity patterns did not. Additionally, priming from high- productivity patterns was distinct from semantic and orthographic effects, confirming the independent role of word patterns in morphological decomposition. These results support the dual-route model of lexical access (Baayen et al., 1997).

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